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Treatments For ADD – Drugs and Counselling Treatment options for ADD include counseling and medication. Both are essential to determine which is more efficient. People with classic ADD are inattentive, disorganized and are often hyperactive. They have low blood flow in their prefrontal cortex, basal ganglia, and the thalamus. They also have low dopamine levels. Dopamine levels tend to increase as part of treatment. Stimulants Stimulants boost the body's systems. They are available in prescription medications such as amphetamines, methylphenidates, and diet aids like Didrex, Bontril, and Fastin. They can also be illegally used and often mixed with other substances such as methcathinone and cocaine. They are available in the form of liquids, pills, syrups or patches. They enhance concentration by increasing the levels of norepinephrine and dopamine in brain synapses. They also reduce hyperactivity and impulsivity and enhance working memory. These are the most common drugs prescribed to adults with ADHD. They can trigger negative side effects, such as a decreased appetite, insomnia and a rise in heart rate or blood pressure. They may interact with certain medications and medical conditions. It is essential to talk with your physician about any concerns. Medicines can lessen ADHD symptoms in about 70 percent to 80% of the people who take them. However, not everyone responds to the same medication, and the effects don't always long-lasting. Some people don't like stimulants or aren't able to tolerate their adverse effects. If this is the case, doctors may prescribe non-stimulant drugs. They aren't as effective as stimulants, but they can help improve attention, focus and control impulses. Doctors typically prescribe these drugs together with stimulants to increase the effectiveness. Nonstimulant medications are more difficult to use and aren't as effective. They don't increase dopamine levels and have different effects on neurotransmitters. Examples include Atomoxetine (clonidine) as well as guanfacine and clonidine. Drowsiness is the most common side consequence. However, adhd untreated in adults can be reduced by increasing the dosage or taking them prior to the time of sleep. The drowsiness should diminish within several weeks after starting treatment. Antidepressants The majority of antidepressants alter the chemical composition in the brain, which are known as neurotransmitters. The drugs are classified based on how they interact with neurotransmitters. Each group is comprised of distinct medications. These include selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), atypical antidepressants, tricyclic antidepressants and monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs). Your physician may prescribe a medicine that belongs to one of these groups in order to relieve depression or anxiety symptoms. These medicines may not provide immediate relief, as it could take a few weeks before you can feel the full benefits. Your doctor and you will determine which medication is best for you. They may combine two antidepressants, or add other medicines to boost the effects of your treatment. This is referred to as an augmentation. The most commonly used enhancement drugs are aripiprazole quetiapine and lithium. Different antidepressants can have different side effects. You should discuss these side effects with your doctor because they could interfere in your daily activities. These side effects may be severe or mild, depending on the type antidepressant you're taking. Inform your doctor if you're taking any other medications, such as herbal remedies and over-the-counter drugs like St. John's Wort. SSRIs have been known to cause less side effects than other antidepressants. The SSRIs include fluoxetine (Prozac), paroxetine (Paxil, Pexeva) and sertraline (Zoloft). SNRIs boost levels of serotonin and norepinephrine levels in the brain. This is the reason SNRIs are regarded as more efficient than SSRIs. They also have longer half-lifes than SSRIs and are less likely to interact with other medications. SNRIs include duloxetine (Cymbalta) and venlafaxine (Effexor). Atypical antidepressants are utilized to boost your energy levels and help you feel more alert. They can be beneficial for those suffering from anxiety or insomnia. They include bupropion (Wellbutrin Zyban) and mirtazapine (Remeron). These medications can cause insomnia, jitteriness or drowsiness. However, they are beneficial to many people with depression, ADHD and anxiety. These drugs are also used to treat bulimia and to assist smokers in quitting. Cognitive behavioural therapy Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is a scientifically-based treatment for mental health disorders. It is based upon the belief that emotions and thoughts are interconnected and can be changed. CBT is a short-term, goal-oriented procedure that helps you discover new methods to manage negative thoughts and stressors. It can be used to treat depression, anxiety, and bipolar disorder. The aim of CBT is to change negative thoughts into positive emotions and behavior. It is a combination of two therapies which are cognitive therapy and behaviour therapy. It's a type of psychotherapy which is usually short-term and can be done in a private or group setting. A therapist will guide you through different methods, and you'll apply them in your daily life. Some of these techniques include the ability to recognize negative automatic thoughts, implementing mindfulness meditation and keeping a thought journal. A therapist can help you identify negative thoughts that cause behavior that is not optimal and teach you strategies for changing these assumptions. They'll also teach you problem-solving techniques to help you handle challenges that come up in your everyday life. Therapists in CBT will also help you to set SMART goals (specific achievable, measurable relevant, time-based, and relevant) to help you track your progress. While each kind of cognitive behavioral therapy takes an approach that is slightly different however, they all concentrate on identifying the fundamental thoughts which contribute to emotional distress and transforming them. Therapists employ different methods however they all are based on the principle of operant and classical conditioning, which involves the association of stimuli with their effects. During the therapy, the person who is treating you will give you a reward for completing tasks and penalize those who fail to complete the tasks. In your first few sessions with your therapist, you and the therapist will be able to identify the problematic behavior and replace them with healthier ones. They might also assign homework to help you develop the skills. Based on the degree of your illness it could take anywhere from 6-20 one-on-one sessions. CBT is effective in treating a range of conditions including anxiety, depression and post-traumatic disorder (PTSD). It also works for adults with ADHD, which affects people as young as seven. Counselling Counselling is a form of psychotherapy that consists of planned, regular meetings with an therapy (counsellor) to discuss your problems. Usually these sessions last for approximately 50 minutes and can be conducted face-to-face in groups, or via phone. Counselling can help people with a range of mental health issues, including schizophrenia, depression, and bipolar disorder. It can also be used to discuss relationships, friendships and family issues, as well as issues related to work. A counsellor will pay attention to your problems and provide an objective perspective. They can discern patterns of behavior and suggest ways to alter them. They can teach you techniques and coping techniques to manage anxiety, stress or depression. They can assist you in dealing with major life events, like divorce or the loss of a loved one. They can help you learn to deal with chronic illnesses and addictions. Some counsellors charge for their services while others are covered by Medicare rebates, if you have mental health care plans from your doctor.